Drugs controlling pain, some help
to, and while others put into a deep sleep-like state during dental treatment
that is termed as dental
anesthesia. Local anesthesia is a specific kind of medication prescribed
for the prevention of pain in specific area of mouth during the treatment
procedure by blocking nerves or transmitting the pain that numbs
Anesthetics
are used topically in painful soothing and mouth sores. Injectable anesthetics are
useful in filling cavities, preparing teeth for crowns and treating gum
disease. Local anesthetics are classified into maxillary anesthesia and
mandibular anesthesia.
Maxillary Anesthesia:
Local anesthesia is deposited at
the buccal (cheek) side of the maxillary alveolus which can diffuse through the
thin cortical plate of the maxilla, then further into the pulp of the tooth in
order to achieve dental anesthesia effect.
Mandibular Anesthesia:
Both infiltration techniques regional
block is considered the first-choice injections for anaesthetizing the
mandibular teeth.
Different techniques are chosen depends
upon different factors:
·
Patient age
Infiltration anesthesia is the preferable method to anesthetize deciduous/ primary teeth in children. The
method is like the maxillary buccal infiltration. Ensure the lip/ cheek is
stretched in a lateral and inferior direction instead of superiorly and the
needle is then penetrated 45’ with the buccal cortical plate of the bone
through the taut tissue of the mucco-buccal fold.
·
Tooth to be anesthetized
Infiltration anesthesia should be
the first choice of method for pulpal and soft tissue anesthesia of mandibular
permanent incisors in adults. Regional block injections are sometimes
ineffective due to crossover innervation from the opposite side of inferior
alveolar nerve. It is recommended to deposit at least 0.5mL at each buccal and
lingual site in the apical region of the tooth of interest. The use of
infiltration anesthesia with 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in
obtaining pulp anesthesia of the mandibular permanent first molar is getting
more common these days due to its successful formulation.
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